Adição de policloreto de alumínio e remoção de peixes bentívoros como técnicas de restauração de lagos rasos do semiárido brasileiro

Eutrophication is the most common cause of water quality degradation in the world. This process occurs by excessive nutrients inputs, nitrogen and phosphorus, to the aquatic systems resulting in algal and cyanobacterial blooms. In shallow lakes these effects are pronounced due to the higher interaction of the lake with watershed, air and sediment. There are innumerous restoration techniques of eutrophied lakes with a range of successful results but there is only one case of successful lake restoration in Brazil: Paranoá Lake in Brasília city. The Brazilian semiarid region has many artificial lakes, named açudes, which are mostly eutrophic and shallow lakes. The eutrophication in these lakes is reported and the phytoplankton community is dominated by potentially toxic cyanobacteria species, mainly Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. The aim of this thesis is to test techniques for water quality management which can be easily applied in Brazilian semiarid lakes. Results from a laboratory experiment suggest that the addition of a phosphorus sorbent clay associated with an aluminium based coagulant is an effective technique in removing soluble reactive phosphorus and reducing C. raciborskii growth rate – cyanobacteria potentially toxic dominant in reservoirs of Brazilian semiarid – but this effect is dependent on the biomass in the application moment. Results from a field experiment in mesocosm in a eutrophied lake showed that the addition of aluminium based coagulant and removal of benthivorous fish is more efficient in removing total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a from water column than the isolated application of one of the techniques. Lastly, laboratory tests showed that aluminium based coagulant exhibited good performance in removing turbidity and total phosphorus from water of six reservoirs but the efficiency was reduced by algal biomass and pH. The results of this study showed that the improvement in water quality of eutrophied reservoirs in semiarid region is possible through internal loading control by phosphorus precipitation and inactivation in sediments or inhibition of phosphorus release by benthivorous fishes, and also that these results show are additives in water quality improvement.

Adição de policloreto de alumínio e remoção de peixes bentívoros como técnicas de restauração de lagos rasos do semiárido brasileiro

Eutrophication is the most common cause of water quality degradation in the world. This process occurs by excessive nutrients inputs, nitrogen and phosphorus, to the aquatic systems resulting in algal and cyanobacterial blooms. In shallow lakes these effects are pronounced due to the higher interaction of the lake with watershed, air and sediment. There are innumerous restoration techniques of eutrophied lakes with a range of successful results but there is only one case of successful lake restoration in Brazil: Paranoá Lake in Brasília city. The Brazilian semiarid region has many artificial lakes, named açudes, which are mostly eutrophic and shallow lakes. The eutrophication in these lakes is reported and the phytoplankton community is dominated by potentially toxic cyanobacteria species, mainly Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. The aim of this thesis is to test techniques for water quality management which can be easily applied in Brazilian semiarid lakes. Results from a laboratory experiment suggest that the addition of a phosphorus sorbent clay associated with an aluminium based coagulant is an effective technique in removing soluble reactive phosphorus and reducing C. raciborskii growth rate – cyanobacteria potentially toxic dominant in reservoirs of Brazilian semiarid – but this effect is dependent on the biomass in the application moment. Results from a field experiment in mesocosm in a eutrophied lake showed that the addition of aluminium based coagulant and removal of benthivorous fish is more efficient in removing total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a from water column than the isolated application of one of the techniques. Lastly, laboratory tests showed that aluminium based coagulant exhibited good performance in removing turbidity and total phosphorus from water of six reservoirs but the efficiency was reduced by algal biomass and pH. The results of this study showed that the improvement in water quality of eutrophied reservoirs in semiarid region is possible through internal loading control by phosphorus precipitation and inactivation in sediments or inhibition of phosphorus release by benthivorous fishes, and also that these results show are additives in water quality improvement.

Efecto del revestimiento de la semilla con fosforo sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento de tres variedades de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Este experimento fue realizado en la finca experimental “La Compañía”, localizada en San Marcos, Carazo, en el periodo comprendido del 15 de Junio al 2 de Septiembre del 2002, con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de la semilla revestida con fósforo sobre las primeras etapas de crecimiento y rendimiento del frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Los tratamientos en estudio se evaluaron en un diseño con arreglo bifactorial propiamente dicho con distribuciónen bloques completos al azar (BCA) y cuatro repeticiones. Los factores en estudio fueron A: Tres variedades de frijol común y el factor B: Dosis y revestimiento con fertilizante fosfórico a la semilla de frijol. En las variables analizadas se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas solamente en las variables altura y biomasa. En la altura de las plantas se observaron diferencias estadísticas altamente significativas en las tres fechas exceptuando la altura a los 48 días después de la siembra (dds) en la variedad INTA-Canela (0.0468). Las mayores alturas se obtuvieron con la dosis 60 kg/ha de fertilizante fosfórico y con semilla sin revestir con excepción de las variedades INTA-Canela que a los 21, 33 y 48 dds e INTA-Masatepe a los 33 dds las mayores alturas se obtuvieron cuando la semilla fue revestida con el fertilizante fosfórico. Con respecto a la variable biomasa seca a los 21 dds solo se encontró diferencia estadística significativa en la va riedad INTA-Masatepe (0.0217). El mayor peso (19.31 g) se obtuvo cuando se aplicó la dosis de 60 kg/ha de fertilizante fosfórico y se utilizó semilla revestida, mientras que a la floración se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas (0.0152) en la variedad INTA-Canela y diferencias altamente significativas (0.0004) en la variedad INTA-Masatepe, obteniéndose en ambas los mayores pesos cuando se aplicó la dosis de 60 kg/ha de fertilizante fosfórico y se utilizó semilla revestida. En la variable extracción de fósforo por las plantas se obtuvieron resultados similares a los de la variable biomasa seca tanto a los 21 dds como a la floración. Para las variables de rendimiento y peso de mil granos no se encontró diferencias estadísticas significativas. Los resultados indican que el mayor efecto en términos de rendimiento se obtienen cuando se aplicó la dosis 60 kg/ha de fertilizante fosfórico ya sea cuando se utilizó la semilla revestida con fósforo o sin revestir.

Avaliação da atividade fotocatalítica sobre a inativação de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizando dióxido de titânio, para aplicação em desinfecção de águas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desinfecção de águas pelo processo fotocatalítico utilizando eletrodos térmicos de dióxido de titânio para inativação de Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Efetividade da Terapia fotodinâmica mediada pelo fotossensibilizador photodithazine® na inativação de candida albicans in vivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efetividade da terapia fotodinâmica na inativação de Candida spp

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Adubação foliar de sulfato de zinco na produtividade e teores foliares de zinco e fosforo de cafeeiros arábica

Aiming to evaluate the dose and application schedule of foliar Zn-sulfate spraying in growing and yield of Arabic coffee Mundo Novo, a field experiment was set up on Distroferric Red Latosol, at the Experimental Station of the EPAMIG in São Sebastião do Paraíso. The statistical design used was randomized blocks in s 4 x 2 factorial scheme with five replications and a 30-plant plot with six central valid or four applications per agricultural year. Phosphorus and zinc leaf levels were evaluated for eight years and the yields. It was possible to conclude that there is a positive response to the in the leaves. Four low concentrations sprayings promoted higher yields than two high concentrations. The highest yields were achieved with 10.8 and 12.6 kg ha-1 of ZnSO4 and 4 yearly applications, respectively. It is suggested as a critical range for the Zn leaves values between 10 and 28 mg kg-1 and for P/Zn ratio, between 100 and 150. ) was sprayed under 4 concentrations 0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5%, two applied on the leaves in terms of yield, and to Zn levels

Inativação de bactérias em fase gasosa por fotocatálise heterogênea: efeito da adição de metais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da ação da riboflavina associada à radiação ultravioleta na inativação do Anaplasma marginale em sangue bovino conservado para transfusão e estudo das alterações hematolólogicas e bioquímicas durante o período de estocagem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito do módulo de inativação leucocitária (LIM) na distribuição de 99mTc-granulócitos em porcos submetidos à circulação extracorpórea e à isquemia-reperfusão de coração e pulmões

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Efeitos da riboflavina associada à luz ultravioleta na inativação de Babesia bigemina em sangue bovino mantido sob refrigeração e avaliação de parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ação da luz ultravioleta e da riboflavina na inativação da Leishmania infantum chagasi em sangue canino conservado em bolsas para transfusão

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efetividade da irradiação por micro-ondas e da terapia fotodinâmica na inativação de micro-organismos presentes em próteses totais: estudo clínico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos da clonagem na inativação do cromossomo X e da regulação nutricional do metabolismo da metionina na qualidade ovocitária em bovinos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ